浙江省2008年4月高等教育自学考试
高级英语试题
课程代码：10005
Part I Vocabulary (20%)
Directions A: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. The girls were so glad that Sally was back home, and they were going to clear out the cupboard to ________her suitcase and other stuff.( )
A. leave out B. get rid of
C. make room for D. make use of
2. When you go abroad to study or work, you must ________ new customs.( )
A. address yourself to B. adapt yourself to
C. replace yourself with D. convince yourself to
3. As winter was close ________ Soapy started to look for his winter shelter.( )
A. in the way B. in sight
C. at hand D. at length
4. His statement of the medical policies of the nation was highly ________ .( )
A. convincing B. controversial
C. complete D. competitive
5. These technological advances in communication have ________ the way people do business.( )
A. transformed B. represented
C. revolted D. adopted
6. Under the agreement, all trade barriers will be________ , and we’ll strengthen our commercial cooperation with more countries.( )
A. elected B. evaluated
C. elaborated D. eliminated
7. It has not rained for several weeks and the garden is ________ water.( )
A. crying out for B. ready for
C. running out of D. overflowing with
8. The police are ________ a gang who has robbed two banks in the past month.( )
A. in relation to B. in the way of
C. on the track of D. laying hands on
9. Joe was awarded some compensation ________ the doctor had been negligent.( )
A. in order that B. on the grounds that
C. for fear that D. in case
10. People seldom act in a ________ way when they fly into rage.( )
A. rational B. radical
C. radiant D. racial
11. Would you please lend me ten dollars? I’ll ________ next week.( )
A. pay off B. pay for
C. pay up D. pay back
12. This biography offers only a few ________ of his life before he became famous.( )
A. glitters B. glimpses
C. glances D. gleams
13. There is little ________ that she will make a full recovery.( )
A. promise B. likelihood
C. foresight D.announcement
14. The ________ of the priest’s sermon was that all human beings should love each other.( )
A. essence B. estate
C. segment D. qualification
15. In the end, three votes determined the ________ of the election.( )
A. outcome B. outlook
C. output D. outbreak
16. ________ good luck and sufficient funds, Jack became very successful in business.( )
A. Not that B. What with
C. What if D. Only if
17. Mrs. Smith had ________ debts totally more than $20,000 when she died.( )
A. gone round with B.figured out
C. run up D. bound up with
18. As I say, I am not ________ to reveal any of the details of negotiations at present.( )
A. in a position B. in possession
C. accustomed D. honored
19. Strangely, Bill keeps his office neat as pin, while his home is always in a state of ________ .( )
A. chaos B. clarity
C. charity D. chorus
20. ________ friends helped him to get appointed ambassador to France.( )
A. Efficient B. Influential
C. Impressive D. Effective
Directions B: There are 20 sentences in this section. In each sentence there is a word or phrase underlined. Below each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one answer that can replace the underlined part of each sentence without changing its original meaning.
21. The messenger boy had come to break the sad news to the Mexican woman, but he lost his nerve when she was in such an emotional state.( )
A. held his tongue B. lost his temper
C. lost his courage D. broke down
22. With his dark skin Frank could easily be passed for an Italian or a Spaniard.( )
A. regarded as B. misguided as
C. misunderstood as D. treated as
23. Conduct of that kind hardly makes for a harmonious atmosphere in the club.( )
A. comes to B. moves toward
C. gets to D. results in
24. You’ll have to change your mode of life now that you have got a baby.( )
A. way B. mold
C. mood D. form
25. You have a legal obligation to ensure that your child receive a proper education.( )
A. scheme B. formula
C. duty D. liability
26. The soil in this part of the world is not rich enough to sustain a large population.( )
A. digest B. survive
C. relocate D. maintain
27. On Friday afternoon, the council was summoned to hear an emergency report on its finances.( )
A. invited B. evoked
C. ordered D. involved
28. In terms of natural resources, the Northwest is one of the richest regions of our country.( )
A. Regardless of B. In regard to
C. What with D. In support of
29. Jenny had never been to a big party before and she was ill at ease.( )
A. enthusiastic B. uncomfortable
C. excited D. sensitive
30. After such a confrontation between the two parties, any reconciliation would be out of the question.( )
A. impossible B. difficult
C. practical D. grateful
31. If this notion catches on, we will soon find the biological community split into fuming factions.( )
A. dominates B. takes effect
C. influences D. becomes popular
32. When he felt out of sorts, he would rave and stamp, or sink into suicidal gloom… ( )
A. in high spirits B. in a bad temper
C. desperate D. helpless
33. Big arguments stimulate their interest, and with luck engage their attention.( )
A. give B. wake up
C. pay D. take up
34. Their ambitious schemes for making big money quickly came to nothing. ( )
A. took a chance B. went into an action
C. got to the point D. end in failure
35. Your ideas sound quite attractive, but I’m not sure whether they will work in practice.( )
A. frequently B. officially
C. actually D. formally
36. Queen Victoria reigned over the country for 63 years from 1837 to 1901.( )
A. occupied B. ruled
C. ruined D. controlled
37. The problem is that modern man seems unable to accommodate the new demands.( )
A. meet B. modify
C. adjust D. evaluate
38. She tried to keep a sober face, but inside she rejoiced at the news.( )
A. stationery B. stable
C. stationary D. serious
39. I knew by hearsay that he was the editor of the American Mercury, but aside from that I knew nothing about him.( )
A. beside B. in addition to
C. beyond D. as well as
40. If, however, the change is big enough, resistance can’t be mobilized against it.( )
A. motivated B. organized
C. oriented D. removed
Part II Cloze (10%)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.
Scientists are learning more about our (41) _______for sleep. Most people sleep (42) _______eight hours each night. (43) _______ people sleep more than (44) _______and others sleep as (45) _______ as two or three hours each night. (46) _______do not know exactly (47) _______some people sleep more than others. Dr. Ernest Hartman has an idea about this. He believes the (48) _______of sleep depends on how a person attacks problems. He said people who need only a few (49) _______sleep usually are people who have much energy and make good use (50) _______ time to get their work (51) _______quickly. (52) _______he said many people who sleep longer than normal do creative work and seem to need (53) _______ dreaming time to find (54) _______to emotional problems. Some scientists agree with this idea and others dispute.
To determine the (55) _______of the lack of sleep, scientists have put subjects (56) _______a set of psychological and performance tests (57) _______them, for instance, (58) _______columns of numbers of recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier, “We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit (缺乏), performance suffers,” says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is (59) _______ , as are abilities to (60) _______ decisions and to concentrate.”
( )41. A. request B. need C. want D. fancy
( )42. A. for B. at C. in D. since
( )43. A. Other B. The other C. Some D. Many
( )44. A. that B. it C. the hour D. the time
( )45. A. much B. longer C. heavily D. few
( )46. A. People B. Sleeper C. Scientists D. They
( )47. A. why B. when C. that D. how
( )48. A. amount B. count C. period D. stage
( )49. A. hours B. hour C. hour’s D. hours’
( )50. A. of B. with C. on D. in
( )51. A. to be done B. to do C. done D. do
( )52. A. And B. While C. Thus D. But
( )53. A. extra B. uncommon C. extraordinary D. peculiar
( )54. A. response B. solution C. answer D. reaction
( )55. A. conclusion B. continue C. contradiction D. consequences
( )56. A. Through B. out of C. into D. from
( )57. A. required B. requiring C. require D.having required
( )58. A. adding B. add C. in adding D. to add
( )59. A. enforce B. reduced C. weakened D. strengthened
( )60. A. make B. do C. perform D. conduct
Part III Reading Comprehension (40%)
Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully and decide on the best answer.
Passage One
Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied their victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.
The researchers organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.
Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.
The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.
There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referee was moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.
If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.
He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.
61. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to_______.( )
A.set a standard for football referees
B.reexamine the rules for football referees
C.analyze the causes of errors made by football referees
D.review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup
62.The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _______.( )
A.quite unexpected
B.a high as in a standard match
C.slightly above average
D.higher than in 1998 World Cup
63. The findings of the experiment show that _______.( )
A.errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot
B.the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur
C.the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors
D.errors are more likely when keeps closer to the ball
64. The word “official” (Line 2, Para 4) most probably refers to_______.( )
A.the researchers involved in the experiment
B.the referee of the football tournament
C.the observers at the site of the experiment
D.the inspectors of the football tournament
65. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?( )
A.Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee
B.A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible
C.The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45
D.An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition
While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states——at least in getting people off welfare. It’s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.
In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent——twice the national average.
For advocates (代言人) for the poor, that’s an indication much more needs to be done.
“More people are getting jobs, but it’s not making their lives any better,” says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.
A center analyst of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but average income for these households actually went down.
But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.
“Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,” says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It’s beginning to rebuild the work ethic (毒素), which is much more important.”
Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,” then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.
66. From the passage, it can be seen that the author_______.( )
A.is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform
B.believes the reform has reduced the government’s burden
C.insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor
D.considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful
67. Why aren’t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?( )
A.Because many families are divorced.
B.Because the cost of living is rising.
C.Because government aid is now rare.
D.Because their wages are low.
68. What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _______.( )
A.50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare
B.70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years
C.greater efforts should be made to improve people’s living standards
D.the living standards of most people are going down
69. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at_______.( )
A.rebuilding the work ethic
B.saving welfare funds
C.cutting government expenses
D.providing more jobs
70. According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, _______.
( )
A.average living standards were higher
B.the poor used to rely on government aid
C.the average worker was paid higher wages
D.the poverty rate was lower
Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. (81)What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deducitable (可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak and act similarly on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
71. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______. ( )
A.enjoying having a professional identity
B.still judge a man by his clothes
C.hold the uniform in such high regard
D.will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform
72. People are accustomed to thinking that a man in uniform _______. ( )
A.appears to be more practical
B.suggests quality work
C.discards his social identity
D.looks more superior to a per in civilian clothes
73. The chief function of a uniform is to _______. ( )
A.provide the wearer with a professional identity
B.inspire the wearer’s confidence in himself
C.provide practical benefits to the wearer
D.make the wearer catch the public eye
74. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______. ( )
A.tend to lose their individuality
B.are usually helpful
C.enjoy greater popularity
D.have little or no individual freedom
75. The best title for this passage would be_______. ( )
A.Uniforms and Society
B.Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
C.The Importance of Wearing a Uniform
D.Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform
Since we are social being, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. (82)Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles (困难). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off (挡开) illness, and absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移…注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give instrumental support——financial aid, material resources, and needed services——that reduce stress by helping us resolve and cope with problems.
76. Interpersonal relationships are important because _______.( )
A.they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc.
B.they help people to cope with life in the information era
C.they awaken people’s desire to exchange resources
D.they are indispensable to people’s social well-being
77. Research shows that people’s physical and mental health_______.( )
A.depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
B.relies on the social welfare systems which support them
C.has much to do with the amount of support they get from others
D.is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives
78. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “cushions” (Line 1, Para. 2)?( )
A.lays the foundation of B.lessens the effect of
C.adds to D.does away with
79. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of_______.( )
A.informational support B.social companionship
C.instrumental support D.the strengthening of self-respect
80. Social companionship is beneficial in that_______.( )
A.it helps strengthen our ties with relatives
B.it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyable
C.it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes
D.it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles
Part IV Translation (15%)
Directions A: Translate the two underlined sentences in Passage Three and Passage Four into Chinese.
81.(Passage Three)
82.(Passage Four)
Directions B: Translate the following into English.
83. 她很感激的是她保住了自己的工作而大多数工友都下了岗。
84. 有人说对于不公正的批评的最好反应是原谅和忘却。
85. 公司正在寻找扩大市场的新办法， 不过它的竞争对手也在竭尽全力扩大市场份额。
Part V Writing (15%)
Directions: Write a letter to welcome a friend to visit your family.
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